Endometrial cancer originates in the endometrial lining of the uterus

February 19, 2005 (Press Release) -- Endometrial cancer originates in the endometrial lining of the uterus. It is the most common gynecologic malignancy (cancer originating in female reproductive organs). It is estimated that there are about 35,000 cases diagnosed each year in the United States, resulting in 4000 - 5000 deaths per year. The disease normally occurs in postmenopausal women; the average age at diagnosis is about 60 years.

Endometrial cancer is considered an estrogen-dependent disease. Estrogen is a hormone that is secreted by the ovaries. It plays an important role in the development of the female reproductive system and is largely responsible for the physiologic changes that occur during menstruation, puberty, and pregnancy. Progesterone is another hormone secreted by the ovaries that plays an important role. Normally, both estrogen and progesterone are secreted in certain proportions. Chronic exposure to estrogen, without the accompanying balancing effects of progesterone, is considered the major risk factor for endometrial cancer and may play a causal role in the development of the disease.

Benign uterine tumors, known as fibroids, usually are asymptomatic and do not require treatment. If fibroids cause bleeding or pain, they may be surgically removed. Cancerous (malignant) uterine tumors spread to other tissues and organs if left untreated. Endometrial cancer refers specifically to tumors that originate in the endometrial lining of the uterus. If the tumor originates in the deeper, muscular walls of the uterus, it is called uterine sarcoma. About 90% of all uterine cancers are endometrial.

A precancerous condition called endometrial hyperplasia, or adenomatous hyperplasiam, may cause irregular uterine bleeding. This condition can be mild, moderate, or severe. Severe hyperplasia is considered carcinoma in situ, the earliest detectable stage of endometrial cancer.

Taken from:
http://www.oncologychannel.com/