Fraud in US Patent Office perpetrates perhaps the greatest hoax in the history of science.

May 31, 2005 (Press Release) -- SL is known to produce light from bubbles in water under ultrasound, the mechanism accepted by US science being the high temperatures that accompany the adiabatic compression heating of air during bubble collapse. However, the bubbles are not filled with air, as there is no time at ultrasonic frequencies for the air dissolved in the water to diffuse into the bubble, and therefore the bubbles are filled only with condensable water vapor. By Le Chatelier�s principle, decreasing the volume of the vapor bubble does not increase the temperature because of 2-phase equilibrium with the liquid walls. Depending on the collapse velocity, however, the vapor is placed in a non-equilibrium state where the temperature may increases under vapor compression. But simulations show the vapor temperature increases less than about 50 C, and therefore the bubble collapses almost isothermally at ambient temperature. Hence, SL light is produced by yet some unknown mechanism at ambient temperature.

One such SL mechanism at ambient temperature treats the collapsing bubble in water as a quantum electrodynamics (QED) cavity having an electromagnetic (EM) resonance at vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) frequencies while the atoms in the QED cavity surface emit infrared (IR) radiation. By this theory, the atoms in the surface of the QED cavity are microscopic IR lasers that are located in the penetration depth of the resonant VUV wave standing across the QED cavity, and therefore the IR radiation having a lower frequency than the VUV resonance is suppressed. To conserve energy, the suppressed IR energy loss has to be gained elsewhere in the QED cavity. But the lowest admissible frequency in the QED cavity is its resonant frequency, and therefore the IR radiation undergoes a spontaneous frequency up-conversion to the VUV, the process called cavity QED induced EM radiation. The VUV radiation, in turn, produces Ar.OH* excimers from Ar dissolved in water, the decomposition of the Ar.OH* excimers in the shock produced as the bubble walls collide producing the SL light.

Cavity QED induced EM radiation only requires: (1) that the QED cavity walls of arbitrary solid or liquid materials that are VUV absorbent (and emissive by Kirchoff�s law), and (2) the dimensions of the QED cavity are less than the half wavelength of the IR radiation. High reflectivity of QED cavity surfaces to accommodate repetitive light reflections common to the usual QED and photonics applications is not applicable because the suppression of IR radiation occurs spontaneously within the period of the very first resonant VUV wave that stands across the cavity.

But the PTO while never refuting the conservation of energy to justify IR frequency up-conversion to the VUV fraudulently stated that frequency up-conversion violated the laws of quantum physics. The PTO invoked laser driven QED and photonics arguments that cavity QED effects do not occur unless the cavity walls are highly reflecting mirrors, and then only by destructive interference of repeated reflections of laser light. But this self-serving PTO argument has nothing to do with cavity QED induced EM radiation.

The PTO even promoted the erroneous high temperature claims by Suslick, Crum, and Lohse - that vapor bubbles collapse at temperatures from 5000 to 100,000 degrees, when in the bubbles collapse near ambient temperature. But this is not surprising as the PTO awarded Putterman a patent on the ludicrous notion of bubble fusion based on temperature claims of 100 million degrees. The PTO obviously prejudiced to perpetrating perhaps the greatest hoax in the history of science at the expense of the US taxpayer only grants patents to applicants that claim high erroneous SL temperatures.